Public Sector in Pakistan

Name : Aqil Amin 

Class:BS-6 (Morning) 

Roll No: 21869 

 Public sector

Public sector, portion of the economy composed of all levels of government and government-controlled enterprises. It does not include private companies, voluntary organizations, and households. The general definition of the public sector includes government ownership or control rather than mere function and thereby includes, for example, the exercise of public authority or the implementation of public policy. When pictured as concentric circles, the core public service in central and subnational government agencies defines the inner circle of the public sector. In this case, the distinction of the public sector from the private sector is relatively straightforward—it is evident in terms of employment relationships and the right of exercising public power. The next circle includes a number of different quasi-governmental agencies that are, however, placed outside the direct line of accountability within government. As we know that there are many weaknesses arises in public sectors in the form of nepotism , bribery , corruption etc. But there is dire need of Public sector due its bearable expenditures as compared to any of the private sector’s organization. If we look back to the past decades public sector was not efficient enough and people were not aware of it but if we discuss it in the context of PTI’s regime reforms have been proved very much effective. Public sector only work for the betterment of public and economy of the country. Many public institutions are working very much for the public.

The key to our definition of the public sector is whether or not the funding of an organization is provided (or determined through legislation) by the government. Public sector entities fall into three general categories. Core government agencies and departments working within the executive, legislative or judicial branches of national, state or local government. Agencies that provide public programs, goods or services, but exist as separate organizations apart from government agencies or departments. These agencies are often governed by a commission or board of directors. Police, military, public roads, public transit and public education are examples of public sector agencies.

Public sectors includes the public goods and governmental services such as the military, law enforcement, infrastructure, public transit, public education, along with health care and those working for the government itself, such as elected officials. The public sector might provide services that a non-payer cannot be excluded from (such as street lighting), services which benefit all of society rather than just the individual who uses the service. Public enterprises, or state-owned enterprises, are self-financing commercial enterprises that are under public ownership which provide various private goods and services for sale and usually operate on a commercial basis. Organizations that are not part of the public sector are either part of the private sector or voluntary sector. The private sector is composed of the economic sectors that are intended to earn a profit for the owners of the enterprise. The voluntary, civic, or social sector concerns a diverse array of non-profit organizations emphasizing civil society. Public sector is also called as a state sector because it is the part of economy comprises of both public services and public enterprises , it is true that public sector provides the job security and provides the services to remove the inequalities.

In Pakistan many of the sectors are owned by government of Pakistan and in actual meaning they are doing their best to provide the services to the public. As we know that there are many weaknesses arises in public sectors in the form of nepotism , bribery , corruption etc. But there is dire need of Public sector due its bearable expenditures as compared to any of the private sector’s organization. If we look back to the past decades public sector was not efficient enough and people were not aware of it but if we discuss it in the context of PTI’s regime reforms have been proved very much effective. Public sector only work for the betterment of public and economy of the country. Many public institutions are working very much for the public.

In Pakistan public sector is doing very fine work for the welfare of public because of the easily availability of services and having cheap costs make public sector to be trusted most by the public. Some of the public sectors are listed below which are working which are doing very fine job. Includes the areas of a country’s economy which are controlled by the state. In most of the countries, the public sector comprises the national, regional, and local governmental authorities, including the policy measures defined and adopted by those authorities, in order to provide public services

Public enterprises obtaining income (resources) from the sale of own production, namely: autonomous administrations, national companies (without the competition of private companies), joint ventures with state-owned and private capital (belong to the public sector but the operation manner is similar to the private sector). They compete with the private sector banks and insurance companies with public capital. Providing public services is often the responsibility of several levels of government, each of which provides some or all of the services. Because of this, public services are often delivered through a variety of different intergovernmental organizations simultaneously. Funding for public services is usually raised through a variety of methods, including taxes, fees, and through financial transfers from other levels of government (e.g. from a federal to a provincial or state government).

Today, both Public Sector & Private Sector have become an integral part of the economy. There may not be much difference in working of these sectors in advanced countries, but in developing countries, the performance of Public Sector has considerable scope for improvement. It is also observed that Pay packages are almost similar in both sectors in developed countries, but large differences exist IN remuneration in the two sectors in developing countries, like ours. Pakistan’s well-known achievement through development planning is a sure indicator of the importance of the public sector in initiating, directing and leading the process of economic growth in a less developed country. This paper reviews the role of the public sector both through direct investment and policy measures in East and West Pakistan separately. Because of the distance and structural differences between them, East and West Pakistan serve as control areas for highlighting the significance of the oublic sector in the economic development of less developed regions.

Public organizations in Pakistan:

i. Quaid-e-azam university                      

ii. Motorway 

iii. WAPDA 

iv. PIA 

v. National Bank of Pakistan 

vi. Metro Bus Service 

vii. PSO 

viii. Nadra 

ix. Police 

x. Army