Public vs private vs public private partnerships

 Definition of Public sector:

Public Sectors are those in which the government owns most of the assets and provides all the services.

Definition of private sector:

Private Sectors are those in which the ownership of assets and delivery of services are in the hands of private individuals or companies.

Definition of public private partnership:

Public-private partnerships are agreements between government and private sector for the purpose of providing public infrastructure, community facilities and related services.

List of 10 public Sectors institutions in Pakistan:

NADRA

The National Database and registration authority is an independent and autonomous agency under the control of the Interior Secretary of Pakistan that regulates government databases and statistically manages the sensitive registration database of all the national citizens of Pakistan. NADRA founded in 2000 but in a short period it is considered as a success institution in Pakistan. Through its biometric technology it changes the efficiency of the whole institution. 

Pakistan railway:

Pakistan Railway is a national state-owned rail transport services of Pakistan. It headquartered is in Lahore. Pakistan railway provides an important mode of transportation throughout Pakistan. It plays an important role in bringing the farthest corners of the country closer for the purpose of business, sightseeing, education, pilgrimage and many important services. It is the cheapest mode of transportation and it has the huge number of employer as compare to other public sector institution of Pakistan, but currently the annual deficits causes a serious concern to the management of the Railway authority. The main reasons of its failure are lack of attention, poor policies, increasing expenditures, misappropriation of funds, nepotism, floods and inadequate technology. For its betterment efforts were made to compare PR with other countries especially with neighbouring countries.

Pakistan Steel Mills

Today the steel industries in the World are more competitive and contribute more in the national economy, but Pakistan Steel industry in its initial period was a highly profitable organization and considered one of the largest and sole steel producers in Pakistan is on the verge of collapse. It is no more to meet the demands of its nation. The main reasons of its failure are high bureaucratic influence, financial regularities, managerial incapacity and inefficient management techniques.

Pakistan International Airline (PIA)

Pakistan International Airline is also a public sector institution. The SWOT analysis of PIA is as below:

Strength:

Leading market position

Super operating structure

Network presence

Effective use of technology

Weakness:

Worst government rule

Debt

Reliance on oil price

Opportunities:

Having maximum route and fleet

Growing demand for low cost Airlines

Shifting customer needs

Industry recovery

Threats:

High interests rates

Strong competition by air blue

WAPDA

WAPDA is the water and power development authority. It is a public sector institution. Its SWOT analysis is as follows:

Strength:

Rising electricity demand

Development project

Weakness:

Political instability

Scarcity of resources

Opportunities:

WAPDA has opportunity rises dams height Mangla and remove mud in Terbila dam which can increase Electricity generation capacity.

Gomal zam dam project

Miran dam project

Mangal dam rising

Threats:

Politics in employees and labor unions

Slow development process

Bad reputation

PAKISTAN POST

Pakistan post is also a public sector institution. The SWOT analysis of Pakistan post are as follows:

Strength:

Institutionalized service structure

Administrative and financial autonomy

Weakness

Low visibility

Inward looking

Promotion stagnation

Opportunities:

Oversees training

Local and foreign posting

Institutional flexibility

Threats

Growth of courier companies

Advent of digital mail 

Complacency

NEPRA:

Strength:

Pakistan is located near to the Middle- East that is major energy export region of the world

Third largest shale gas reserves in Asia

Hydel potencial of 60 GW

Weakness:

Huge demand and supply gap

High per unit cost generation

Lack of investment

Opportunities:

6.3 million Hectors of saline land which is unsuitable for cash crops but can be prove a farm for bio fuel

By shifting energy mix from fossils to the coal and renewable

Threats:

Government restrict measures to stop power theft

Water scarcity issue as we are agrarian society

Motorway police

Strength:

Bribe free

Motivated

Public friendly

Well known at international level

Weakness

Low staff 

Limited resources

Opportunities

Hiring by friendly countries for traffic staff training

Issuance of license

Threats:

There is no such a competitor

OGDCL

Oil and gas development authority is also a public sector institution and it SWOT analysis is as follows

Strength:

Strong financial position due to the 50 year experience significant equipment base

A new exploration and innovation of world largest oil and gas companies in Pakistan

Weakness:

Government influence and lack of autonomy

Undifferentiated products and services

Opportunities

Development projects and better competition

Growth area for the long term

Threats

Political unrest

Tough competition

Volatility in oil and gas markets

Coca Cola

Strength

Strong brand identity

Highest brand equity

Largest brand valuation

Weakness

Aggressive competition with pepsi

Health concerns

Product diversification

Opportunities

Package drinking water

Bring advanced supply chain system

Increase presence in developing nations

Threats

Water usage controversy

Packaging controversy

Direct and indirect competition

 Example of Private institution

Mobilink

Strength

Mobilink is the market leader with huge customer base in Pakistan

It offer mobile services in the majority of cities and also in remote areas which makes it largest coverage network

Strong marketing and advertising

Weakness

It offers high calls rate to the customers as compared to the competitors

Quality of service is not good in remote areas

The promise made in the advertisement are not fulfilled by company

Not offering attractive SMS packages

Opportunities

Low the call and messaging rates

It can offer the prepaid internet packages to its customers

Threats

Facing tough competition from telenor, Ufone

Rapid rise in taxes on telecommunication services

Security condition 

Telenor

Strength:

Worldwide operation

Supports human rights and equality

Provide various services

Weakness

Youtube engagement

Network issue in rural areas

Opportunities

Better advertising

Specific requirements

Government agreement

Threats

Global competition

Political or economical differences

Maruti Suzuki

Strength:

The largest passenger car company in India

Over 12000 people are employed with Maruti

Strong brand value

Weakness

Inability to penetrate into the international market

Worker wage problem affect the Suzuki brand

Opportunities:

Maruti can target tapping emerging markets across the world and building a global brand

Fast growing automobile market

DALDA COMPANY

Strength

Blind trust of the consumer in the demand

Strong management

Quality of product

Weakness

Huge import

High cost of production

Customer perceive as an old brand

CAREEM

Strength

Safer than taxi may be less costly sometimes

Good promotional system

Suitable for drivers as they can choose their working hours

Weakness

High turnover of employees

Low loyalty of customer

A not significant number of drivers are available on eid days

Threats

Drivers are not happy with the low profit margin

As new markets and drivers are joining, fraud and scandals are also increasing.

UBL bank

Strength

3rd largest Bank of Pakistan in term of deposits

2nd largest privatized bank of Pakistan

Extensive branch network

Humble customer service and fast delivery of online and offline services

Weakness

No standardization in terms of branches, some branches are very attractive and some branches are not good 

All branches need orientation for customer dealing

Most of the employ are overload with the work and promotion is also not timely

Opportunities

Bank can extend its network in other cities of Pakistan and also in remote areas

Internet banking

Mobile banking

Online system all

Having different plan for customers

Threats

Other banks

Market demands

Punjab group of colleges

Strength

Parent trust

Outstanding result

Academic environment

Weakness

Difficult to handle large number of campus

High fees

Crowded campus

Threats

Other competitors

Geographic expansions

Beaconhouse school system

Strength

International affiliation and branches

Efficient

Good quality of education

Weakness

Does not support disable children on Campus

No distance learning program for students

Too expensive for parents

Opportunities

Good platform to boast female participation

Market leader when it comes to technology

Threats

Strong competition with LGS and ROOTS

Parents may think of it as a school for rich kids only

After comparing and analyzing  private and public institutions in Pakistan I think that neither the public institution nor the private institution are enough to meet the need, because public sectors gives only benefits and private sectors thinks about profit making. So according to my understanding public- private partnership organization such as Edhi foundation, Shaukat khanum cancer hospital, chipa welfare organization, site foundation etc are very suitable for country like Pakistan.